Bitcoin: Bitcoin wallet carving

Understanding Bitcoin Wallet Data Files: A Guide to Determining the Proper Size

As someone who enjoys playing around with digital artifacts, you’re likely familiar with the concept of file carving and analyzing old storage devices. Recently, I came across a fascinating piece of history while digging through an old computer system – the Bitcoin wallet data files. One of these files caught my eye: wallet.dat. But what exactly is this mysterious header, and more importantly, can it be used to determine the proper size of the Berkeley DB file?

What is a Bitcoin Magic Number Header?

In the context of Bitcoin’s file system, a magic number header is a unique identifier stored at the beginning of files that helps identify their contents. Each file type has its own set of magical numbers, which are specific to each format (e.g., .txt, .bin, .exe). These headers serve as a way to distinguish between different types of files without relying on filename extensions or directory paths.

Does wallet.dat have a footer?

While the Bitcoin Magic Number Header is not directly related to the wallet.dat file, it is important to note that this header appears at the beginning of most files in the Bitcoin wallet data format. This means that wallet.dat should contain this magic number header.

Calculating the proper size of a Berkeley DB file

To calculate the size of a Berkeley DB (DB4) file, you need to know its type and version. The most common types are:

• .db

• .db5

• .db4

Each type has a unique header at the beginning, which contains information about the file’s contents.

To calculate the size of a Berkeley DB file, follow these steps:

• Identify the file type and version from the first 4-8 bytes of the file.

• Look for a DBH (Header) byte in the first 32 bytes of the file.

• Extract the magic number header data starting from the 64th to 88th byte, depending on the file type.

For example, let’s say you have a .db4 file with a version 1.2 and a magic number header at position 62-70:

DBH

  +---------------+

  |         Magic |

  +---------------+

  | 0x... DBH |

  +---------------+

  +---------------+

  |      Version |

  +---------------+


  ... (rest of file data)

By analyzing this header, you can calculate the size of the Berkeley DB file.

Sample calculation

Assuming you have a .db4 file with a version 1.2 and a magic number header at position 62-70:

• DBH byte: 0x… (e.g., 0x00080000);

• Magic number data: 0x12345678 DBH

• Version data: 0x12

To calculate the size of the Berkeley DB file, you can add the following component lengths:

Size = 8 (DBH) + 4 (magic number data) + 4 (version data) = 16 bytes

Therefore, a .db4 file with a version 1.2 magic number header and a wallet.dat footer would have a size of approximately 32-36 bytes.

Conclusion

The Bitcoin wallet data files, including the wallet.dat file, contain magic number headers that can be used to determine their contents. By analyzing these headers, you can gain insight into the file’s structure and potentially learn more about its history or usage. Additionally, by calculating the size of a Berkeley DB file based on its type and version, you can estimate its overall size.

Remember to always exercise caution when working with older storage devices, as some files may contain sensitive information that should be handled with care. Happy digging!